Comes from the Latin «advocātus», the past participle from «advocāre» - "to call, invite, help", from «ad- + vocāre» "call", from vōx (gen. vōcis) "the voice" (goes back to proto-Indo-European *wek- "to say, speak")

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Advocate (verb) - (formal) to support something publicly advocate something The group does not advocate the use of violence. These policies have been widely advocated. advocate (somebody) doing something Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. advocate that… a person who supports or speaks in favour of somebody or of a public plan or action advocate (for something/somebody) a staunch advocate of free speech.

The word "lawyer" comes from the Latin advocatio, meaning "to call for help." Lawyers are people whose professional duty is to provide legal assistance to citizens and organizations. A lawyer, through his activities, contributes to the elimination of violations of laws, taking the position of protecting the rights and legitimate interests of citizens and organizations, and thereby fulfills his professional duty and moral duty to society.

Already in the 3rd century BC. e. the first plebeian pontiff, Tiberius Coruncanius, was the first to provide legal assistance to all citizens without distinction. He was followed by many famous Roman citizens, and after this jurisprudence became secular, which had a beneficial effect on the theory and practice of law.

In the Russian Empire, the legal profession arose after the reforms of Alexander II in 1881. It is from this moment that lawyers begin to be admitted to court proceedings, and the institution of the legal profession is born. Currently, there are many legal professions. All colleges, guilds, and unions of lawyers are public organizations that unite people based on professional interests.

Professionogram of a lawyer

 Profession name - lawyer
The dominant way of thinking is adaptation - formalization
Area of basic knowledge No. 1 and its level social sciences, history, level 3, high (theoretical)
Area of basic knowledge No. 2 and its level legal sciences, law, advocacy, level 2, intermediate (practical use of knowledge)
Professional field: law, jurisprudence
Interpersonal interaction is frequent, of the “nearby” type
Dominant interest is social
Additional interest entrepreneurial
Working conditions indoors, mobile (sedentary)

Dominant activities of the lawyer profession:

• studying laws, by-laws, regulations, international treaties (also taking into account current legislation and other regulations) and applying them in practice;
• providing legal assistance through consultations, providing oral and written information on legislation (explanation of current legislation both in general on the problem that has arisen and on its individual nuances);
• legal protection of citizens, organizations, state;
• drawing up statements of claim, complaints, claims and other legal documents;
• requesting, through legal advice, certificates, characteristics and other documents necessary in connection with the provision of legal assistance from state and public organizations that are obliged to issue these documents or copies thereof in the prescribed manner;
• preparation of direct appeals on behalf of the client to government, public, industrial, scientific, educational, cultural and other organizations on necessary issues;
• representation on behalf of the client in government (law enforcement, judicial, administrative), public, business and other structures;
• collection of various evidence in favor of the client based on requests, examinations, scientific opinions, organization of experiments, opinions of experts and specialists, additional examinations, audits, checks, testimony of witnesses and eyewitnesses, logical conclusions;
• informing the client about the status of the case under consideration, timely responses to reasonable requests, provision of information and documents;
• organizing meetings with the client in the places of his detention to clarify the circumstances mitigating the guilt of the suspect or defendant, agreeing with the client on measures for his protection or indisputable justification when law enforcement agencies apply detention measures;
• maintaining the protection of the client’s rights when performing investigative actions in legal proceedings, clarifying the circumstances of the case in favor of the client.

When participating in court proceedings, a lawyer:

• strictly monitors compliance with the rules established by procedural law and other regulations in the interests of the client or client;
• makes comments and requests to participants in the trial, witnesses on issues of clarification, verification of individual provisions, evidence and actions;
• challenges, if necessary, the participants in the process (the court, the prosecutor, assessors, jurors);
• makes defensive speeches;
• based on the results of the trial, organizes appeals against incorrect, erroneous decisions and rulings on certain issues based on the capabilities of the current legislation.

Qualities that ensure the success of a lawyer’s professional activities:

• high level of development of analytical and synthetic thinking;
• high level of development of conceptual thinking (mastery of scientific concepts and the ability to perceive and understand various terms);
• high level of development of deductive thinking (the ability to think from the general to the specific);
• a penchant for research (developed attention to detail, the ability to group many facts, establish cause-and-effect relationships, etc.);
• high level of development of short-term and long-term memory;
• presence of developed qualities of a communicative group: a) the ability to establish psychological contact with your client; b) the ability to establish psychological contact with the court and with all other participants in the trial (realization of the qualities of a lawyer as a court speaker); c) ability to negotiate, ability to persuade;
•   the presence of well-developed verbal abilities (the ability to express themselves correctly and clearly);
•   high level of development of concentration and stability of attention (the ability to concentrate on a certain type of activity for a long time);
•   ability to engage in painstaking work for a long time (working with dossiers, archival documents);
•  the ability to perceive a large amount of information (comprehensive adequate perception of the situation);
• the ability to control your emotions.

Personal qualities, interests and inclinations

• honesty and integrity;
• organization;
• erudition, broad outlook (good knowledge in various fields of science);
• punctuality, responsibility;
• high moral qualities (principle, conviction, sensitivity and attentiveness to people, etc.);
• tactfulness (the ability to show a sense of proportion);
• flexibility, developed intuition;
• business acumen, perseverance, objectivity;
• self-control, composure;
• sociability, energy;
• ability to quickly restore performance;
• desire for self-improvement.